
Cannabis
{Weed, marijuana, kush, pot, hash, skunk}
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Risks
Contrary to what many weed smokers believe, addiction and dependence can occur when using cannabis. Medical practitioners call it Cannabis use disorder. However, it seems to be true that cannabis shows much lower dependency rates than other recreational drugs, such as alcohol and nicotine.
Read more about dependence here.
In the long term
Cannabis can have long-term effects when used heavily (i.e. daily or almost daily).
However, all the negative effects of cannabis seem to wear off after a relatively short period of total abstinence, usually 4-6 weeks1 2.
Cannabis compounds affect a system that is crucial for the development of your brain. Therefore, people who started using cannabis during adolescence may develop:
- Impaired spatial orientation
- Impaired verbal fluency
- Reduced inhibition
In terms of the effects on daily users, there are discrepancies in the scientific literature on the subject. But the most common negative effects are thought to be4 16:
- Difficulty making decisions
- Difficulty learning new things
- Difficulty making future plans
If you mix cannabis with tobacco, you significantly increase the harms, and aggregate the risks of developing health problems.
Check and compare your drug use anonymously with the Drugsmeter Cannabis app.
Learn more above in the "How you take it matters" section.
Lung cancer
Many of the harms of cannabis stem from the fact that it is smoked. It seems that smoking cannabis doesn't cause cancer but we still don't have enough data to say this for sure. What smoking cannabis definitely does, is cause a variety of chronic lung problems such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Watch this video if you want to know more about medical cannabis and its impact on human health.
When you want to quit...
While withdrawal symptoms are mild and can be easily overcome, weaning yourself off weed does have some unpleasant effects. As with every single drug, the intensity of the withdrawal depends on the quantity you’ve trained your brain and body to tolerate/expect.
Here are some psychological and physical withdrawal symptoms you may experience when you are trying to quit:
- Craving
- Insomnia and nightmares
- Demotivation
- Lack of enjoyment
- Aggressiveness and/or anger
- Irritability
- Unpleasant corporal symptoms
- Decreased appetite
- Nausea
- Weight loss
- Mood changes
Remember: Don't hesitate to look for medical help, you won't get in trouble.
Nicotine is often consumed with cannabis. Some withdrawal symptoms are common for most recreational drugs, but for daily users of cannabis and tobacco combined, the double withdrawal is stronger than if you choose to consume cannabis on its own. This is another great reason to go for vaping/eating.
References
1 Crean, R. D., Crane, N. A., & Mason, B. J. (2011). An evidence based review of acute and long-term effects of cannabis use on executive cognitive functions. Journal of addiction medicine, 5(1), 1.
2 Curran, H. V., Freeman, T. P., Mokrysz, C., Lewis, D. A., Morgan, C. J., & Parsons, L. H. (2016).Keep off the grass? Cannabis, cognition and addiction. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 17(5), 293-306.
3 Earleywine M, Barnwell SS. Decreased respiratory symptoms in cannabis users who vaporize. Harm Reduct J (2007) 4:11. doi:10.1186/1477-7517-4-11.
4 Filbey, F. M., McQueeny, T., Kadamangudi, S., Bice, C., & Ketcherside, A. (2015). Combined effects of marijuana and nicotine on memory performance and hippocampal volume. Behavioural brain research, 293, 46-53.
5 Freeman, TP., Morgan, C.J.A., Hindocha, C., Schafer, G., & Curran, H.V (2014). Just say 'know': how do cannabinoid concentrations influence users' estimates of cannabis potency and the amount they roll in joints? Addiction 109(10):1686-94; doi: 10.1111/add.12634
6 Hall W, Room R, Bondy S. Comparing the health and psychological risks of alcohol, cannabis, nicotine and opiate use. In: Kalant H, Corrigan W, Hall W, Smart R, eds. The health effects of cannabis. Toronto: Addiction Research Foundation, 1999, pp. 477-508.
7 Hindocha, C Freeman, T.P., WInstock, A.R, Lynskey, M.T. (2016) Vaping cannabis (marijuana) has the potential to reduce tobacco smoking in cannabis users. Addiction 111(2); 375 -- 375; doi: 10.1111/add.13190.
8 Hindocha, C., Freeman, T.P., Ferris, J.A., Lynskey, M.T., & Winstock, A.R., (2016) No Smoke without tobacco? A global overview of cannabis and tobacco routes of administration and their association with intention to quit. Front Psychiatry, 7, 104.
9 Hindocha, C., Shaban, N. D., Freeman, T. P., Das, R. K., Gale, G., Schafer, G., ... & Curran, H. V. (2015). Associations between cigarette smoking and cannabis dependence: a longitudinal study of young cannabis users in the United Kingdom. Drug & Alcohol Dependence, 148, 165-171.
10 <https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/664945/Young-people-statistics-report-from-the-national-drug-treatment-monitoring-system-2016-2017.pdf>
11 <https://www.erowid.org/plants/cannabis/cannabis_dose.shtml>
12 <https://www.globaldrugsurvey.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Printable_Cannabis1.pdf>
13 <http://www.drugscience.org/dl/dl_comparison.html>
14 Iversen, L. L. (2001). The science of marijuana. Oxford University Press.
15 Kleiber D, Soellner R, Tossmann P. Cannabiskonsum in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland: Entwicklungstendenzen, Konsummuster und Einflußfaktoren. Bonn: Bundesministerium für Gesundheit, 1997.
16 Kouri EM, Pope HG. Abstinence symptoms during withdrawal from chronic marijuana use. Exp Clin Psychopharmacol 2000;8(4):483-92.
17 Nutt, D. (2012). Drugs without the hot air. Minimising the Harms of Legal and Illegal Drugs. Cambridge: UIT Cambridge Ltd Nutt, D. J., King, L. A., & Phillips, L. D. (2010).
18 Piomelli, D., & Russo, E. B. (2016). The cannabis sativa versus cannabis indica debate: an interview with Ethan Russo, MD. Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, 1(1), 44-46.
Put your brand in front of thousands monthly and support the growth of harm reduction.