
Cannabis
{Weed, marijuana, kush, pot, hash, skunk}
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FAQs
Is cannabis harmless?
Using cannabis is neither harmless nor free of potential health-related problems. However, it appears to be one of the safest drugs and it can be even use for therapy when used correctly.
Does cannabis make you 'dumber?'
Occasional consumption has no effect on any cognitive skill. However, heavy users can experience long-term impairment of some cognitive skills.
Can using cannabis lead to schizophrenia?
There are big discrepancies in the scientific literature, but a clear causal relationship between cannabis use and schizophrenia has not been found2.
What's the difference between Sativa and Indica?
Sativa strains tend to give an uplifting and energetic high while indica strains give a relaxing and calming high. However, this classification seems to be flawed!18
Will smoking cannabis lead me onto using more dangerous drugs?
Cannabis is said to be a 'gateway drug,' suggesting that the use of this drug leads users to consume other illicit drugs such as cocaine and amphetamines. There is actually no evidence to prove the gateway drug theory. There seems to be an association between the consumption of cannabis and other illicit drugs, but we don't know if this relationship is a matter of causation, or simply correlation.
References
1 Crean, R. D., Crane, N. A., & Mason, B. J. (2011). An evidence based review of acute and long-term effects of cannabis use on executive cognitive functions. Journal of addiction medicine, 5(1), 1.
2 Curran, H. V., Freeman, T. P., Mokrysz, C., Lewis, D. A., Morgan, C. J., & Parsons, L. H. (2016).Keep off the grass? Cannabis, cognition and addiction. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 17(5), 293-306.
3 Earleywine M, Barnwell SS. Decreased respiratory symptoms in cannabis users who vaporize. Harm Reduct J (2007) 4:11. doi:10.1186/1477-7517-4-11.
4 Filbey, F. M., McQueeny, T., Kadamangudi, S., Bice, C., & Ketcherside, A. (2015). Combined effects of marijuana and nicotine on memory performance and hippocampal volume. Behavioural brain research, 293, 46-53.
5 Freeman, TP., Morgan, C.J.A., Hindocha, C., Schafer, G., & Curran, H.V (2014). Just say 'know': how do cannabinoid concentrations influence users' estimates of cannabis potency and the amount they roll in joints? Addiction 109(10):1686-94; doi: 10.1111/add.12634
6 Hall W, Room R, Bondy S. Comparing the health and psychological risks of alcohol, cannabis, nicotine and opiate use. In: Kalant H, Corrigan W, Hall W, Smart R, eds. The health effects of cannabis. Toronto: Addiction Research Foundation, 1999, pp. 477-508.
7 Hindocha, C Freeman, T.P., WInstock, A.R, Lynskey, M.T. (2016) Vaping cannabis (marijuana) has the potential to reduce tobacco smoking in cannabis users. Addiction 111(2); 375 -- 375; doi: 10.1111/add.13190.
8 Hindocha, C., Freeman, T.P., Ferris, J.A., Lynskey, M.T., & Winstock, A.R., (2016) No Smoke without tobacco? A global overview of cannabis and tobacco routes of administration and their association with intention to quit. Front Psychiatry, 7, 104.
9 Hindocha, C., Shaban, N. D., Freeman, T. P., Das, R. K., Gale, G., Schafer, G., ... & Curran, H. V. (2015). Associations between cigarette smoking and cannabis dependence: a longitudinal study of young cannabis users in the United Kingdom. Drug & Alcohol Dependence, 148, 165-171.
10 <https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/664945/Young-people-statistics-report-from-the-national-drug-treatment-monitoring-system-2016-2017.pdf>
11 <https://www.erowid.org/plants/cannabis/cannabis_dose.shtml>
12 <https://www.globaldrugsurvey.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Printable_Cannabis1.pdf>
13 <http://www.drugscience.org/dl/dl_comparison.html>
14 Iversen, L. L. (2001). The science of marijuana. Oxford University Press.
15 Kleiber D, Soellner R, Tossmann P. Cannabiskonsum in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland: Entwicklungstendenzen, Konsummuster und Einflußfaktoren. Bonn: Bundesministerium für Gesundheit, 1997.
16 Kouri EM, Pope HG. Abstinence symptoms during withdrawal from chronic marijuana use. Exp Clin Psychopharmacol 2000;8(4):483-92.
17 Nutt, D. (2012). Drugs without the hot air. Minimising the Harms of Legal and Illegal Drugs. Cambridge: UIT Cambridge Ltd Nutt, D. J., King, L. A., & Phillips, L. D. (2010).
18 Piomelli, D., & Russo, E. B. (2016). The cannabis sativa versus cannabis indica debate: an interview with Ethan Russo, MD. Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, 1(1), 44-46.
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